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You can add your own symbols with the Symbol Editor (see chapter "Symbol Editor"). A symbol library is included in the NEPLAN package. If you like to have a different symbol, you can select a symbol from the library before adding a new element to the network diagram. Symbol Each element has a standard symbol. The fields of this SQL table can be defined by the user.
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For each element type it is possible to assign a SQL database table (requires the optional NEPLAN SQL database driver module). New general element types can be defined with the symbol editor. These elements will not be used for the calculation. General Element NEPLAN provides a general element type, which can be used for documentation and information purposes. It will only be used in relation to the data base. Station A station can contain several nodes and has no meaning for the calculations or for protection device coordination. A field has no meaning for the calculations or for protection device coordination and will only be used in relation to the data base.
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If there were protec-tion devices at the node and in the element the field name will be associated with
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These elements are used in the relay coordination modules.įield A field can be assigned to every node/element connection. Only their limits are checked during the calculation. They have no influence on the load flow and short circuit calculation. Protection Devices, Current and Voltage Transformers Protection devices (overcurrent relays, distance protection relays, circuit breakers) and current or voltage transformers are associated with the built-in node and the switching element. The network feeder usually will be modeled as a slack node. For a load flow calculation these elements will be represented by resistive and reactive powers (PQ-nodes) or by voltage magnitude and angle (slack nodes) at the node. Modeling of Active Elements For a short circuit calculation the active elements are modeled with the help of their sub-transient reactances. The loads can also be entered along a line without entering nodes (line loads). The passive elements are lines, couplings, switches, reactors, two and three windings transformers, shunts and loads. A network feeder represents a neighboring network. The active elements are network feeders, asynchronous machines, synchronous machines and power station units. In NEPLAN these parameters are entered with the help of input forms. The rated current, rated power and rated voltage and its parameters, such as losses, reactances. The elements will be described electrical by For three windings transformers a third node must be given. An element is described topological by a starting and an ending node. There are active elements and passive elements. cable, transformer or electrical machine. Every voltage is given as a line-to-line voltage (delta voltage).Įlements An element corresponds to a network component, like e.g. In NEPLAN the nominal system voltage of the nodes must beĮntered during the node data input. The nominal system voltage Un is the line-to-line voltage, for which a power system is designated and on which several characteristics of the power system has been referred. Name (identification with 17 characters), nominal system voltage in kV, description (31 characters), network group or area, type of node (main bus bar, bus bar, sleeve, special node), association with a station.
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Nodes A node is the connection point of two elements or a location, where electrical energy will be produced or consumed (generator, load). 2.1 One line diagram with network components An electrical power system consists of nodes and elements. To understand the NEPLAN environment, it is essential that certain concepts used in the system are described:įig.